1.定義
表語從句出現(xiàn)在結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語+系動詞+表語從句”的句子中。表語從句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引導外,還可由because,as if(though)等引導。that??墒÷?。如主句主語為reason,只能用that引導表語從句,不可用because.
The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies.
It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller.
2.引導表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞的種類
1)可接表語從句的連系動詞有be,look,seem,sound,appear等。
The question remains whether they will be able to help us.
問題還是他們能否幫我們。
2)從屬連詞whether,as,as if / though引導的表語從句。
It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.
聽起來好像有人在敲門。
3)because,why引導的表語從句。
That's because he didn't understand me.
那是因為他沒有理解我。(That's because…強調(diào)原因)
That's why he got angry with me.
那正是他對我生氣的原因。(That's why…強調(diào)結(jié)果)
what引導的主語從句表示結(jié)果或名詞reason作主語時,后面的表語從句表示原因時要用that引導,不宜用because.
The reason why I was sad was that he didn't understand me.
我難過的原因是他沒有理解我。
4)連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever連接副詞 where,when,how,why
That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.
那就是她今晨上了閣樓干的。
5)從屬連詞that
The trouble is that I have lost his address.
麻煩是我把他的地址丟了。
6)使用虛擬語氣的表語從句
在表示建議、勸告、命令含義的名詞后的表語從句,謂語動詞需用“should+動詞原形” 表示,should可省略。常見的詞有:advice,suggestion,order,proposal,plan,idea等。
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.
我的建議是我們明天一早就出發(fā)。
3.注意
1)連系動詞be,appear,seem,look等之后可以跟表語從句。
It seems(that)he was late for the train.
看來他沒搭上火車。
2)引導表語從句的引導詞有以下幾類。
a)wh-疑問詞
What I wonder is when he left.
我想知道他是何時離開的。
b)whether
My question is whether he left(or not). 我的問題是他是否離開了。
注:if不能引導表語從句。
c)that
注:引導表語從句的連詞that間或可以省略。
The truth is(that)I didn't go there. 事實是我沒去那兒。
d)because,as,as if,as though
He looks as if he's tired. 他好像累了。
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